For he that eateth and drinketh unworthily, eateth and drinketh damnation to himself, not discerning the Lord’s body. 1 Corinthians 11:29 (KJV)
I grew up in a worship-three-times-a-week-take-communion-every-Sunday Christian home, and I still believe most of what I was taught as a young Christian. Such is not the case with this verse. I was taught this verse meant that if you didn’t have the right attitude when you partook, if you weren’t thinking about the right things, you were eating and drinking damnation to yourself because you weren’t properly respecting the physical body of our Lord. There are at least 2 reasons I don’t believe that’s what this verse teaches.
First, look at a fuller context of that verse — 1 Corinthians 11:26-29 (NIV)
26For whenever you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes. 27Therefore, whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of sinning against the body and blood of the Lord. 28A man ought to examine himself before he eats of the bread and drinks of the cup. 29For anyone who eats and drinks without recognizing the body of the Lord eats and drinks judgment on himself.
A total of 3 times in verses 26 through 28 Paul talks about eating the bread and drinking the cup—always both of them together. In verse 29 he again says “eats and drinks” (both), but he says “without recognizing the body”. If he were talking about the physical body of the Lord, why only the body? Why not the blood? He’s talking about the Lord’s Body, the Church.
Second, the whole second half of the chapter (verses 17-34) is devoted to “body life”, and what a cruddy job they were making of it there in Corinth. It’s important that Christians treat each other as the loving family Christ called us to be, and not like animals who tear and devour one another. This parallels Jesus’ words in Matthew 5:23-24, “…if you are offering your gift at the altar and there remember that your brother has something against you, leave your gift there in front of the altar. First go and be reconciled to your brother; then come and offer your gift.”
This passage very definitely teaches us that we are to observe the Lord’s Supper in proper conduct, and indeed it also teaches we are to remember the sacrifice of our Lord as we partake. It goes further than that though, and teaches that we are to have proper relationships with our Christian brothers and sisters, and we’d best get it straight before we partake. If we partake every week (and I believe Apostolic and historical example teaches us to do just that), then that gives us at most 6 days to put out any brush fires between us and others in the Body. Is that what we practice?