Monthly Archives: May 2009

When is a Christian forgiven?

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I’ve been a Christian for 47 years. In that amount of time I’ve had several “Aha!” moments, which I like to call “hermeneutical epiphanies“. I’ve written about some of those in previous posts. One passage that particularly sticks in my mind from years past is Psalm 32:1-2, as quoted by the apostle Paul in the book of Romans:

“Blessed are they whose transgressions are forgiven, whose sins are covered.” Romans 4:7

Now that actually sounds pretty good — “they whose transgressions are forgiven”. He’s just talking about all Christians then, right? Well yeah, sort of. But…

  1. That couldn’t have been whom David was thinking of when he originally wrote the verse. It could have been a prophecy about Christians, of course, but I don’t believe it was. The full context of Psalm 32 certainly wouldn’t lead one to that conclusion.
  2. That wasn’t the verse that caused me to really think about forgiveness anyway.

Blessed is the man whose sin the Lord will never count against him.” Romans 4:8

Nowwaitjustaminutehere. Are you telling me there are people (David and Paul both used the masculine noun, but the context here is clearly gender-neutral and includes both male and female) who, when they sin, are already cleansed?

Yes, that’s exactly what I believe it means.

Let’s take that thought to its logical conclusion. That means that whoever “the man” is, when he sins, it’s immediately as if he never sinned — and that’s before the “Lord, please forgive me. In Jesus’ name, amen.”

Yes, that’s right.

But won’t that lead one to conclude that he doesn’t have to really be concerned about sinning — that since he’s immediately forgiven anyway, it doesn’t really matter? Yes, it certainly may lead one to conclude that, but that would be a very immature, very un-Christian attitude, wouldn’t it? (And a very incorrect conclusion, I might hasten to add.)

Let’s look at another Scripture that may help us further understand justification (which was Paul’s subject in Romans 4 anyway):

But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus, his Son, purifies us from all sin.” 1 John 1:7

So for those who “walk in the light” (and it doesn’t take a great amount of study to understand what “in the light” means), the blood of Jesus “purifies” us when we sin? Right, but it’s important to notice what word John used here — purifies. Not purified. Not will purify. Purifies. Present tense — meaning that when we sin, that’s when Jesus’ blood purifies us. It’s immediate. Don’t take verse 7 of the chapter in isolation though. I encourage you to read the entire chapter of 1 John 1 for the full context.

So, back to the question that brought us here: “When is a Christian forgiven?” A Christian is forgiven at the moment he sins. The work of Jesus on the cross has already seen to that. And that, my friend, is cause for rejoicing!

What about “scribal errors”?

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I don’t know what sort of opposition you face from skeptics on a daily basis. Such opposition is certainly real though. You’ll hear about the numerous “contradictions” in the Bible. Among these alleged discrepancies are what believers tend to chalk up as “scribal errors” because they can’t seem to explain them any other way. The trouble is, if you believe the Bible can stand up to scrutiny (as I believe), and if you believe the Bible does not contradict itself (as I believe), then there are certain passages that just can’t be explained other than as “scribal errors”. They simply must be the result of an honest error committed by an overworked, honest, dedicated scribe who gave his life to copying Scripture. Right?

For example, compare 1 Kings 4:26 and 2 Chronicles 9:25, & 2 Samuel 21:19 and 1 Chronicles 20:5.

Surely you must have wondered about these “scribal errors”. Isn’t that just a cop-out by mind-numbed believers who can’t explain a true contradiction any other way?

In a word — no.

Scribal errors were a real eventuality of the early centuries of Scripture. So why is this not a simple, easy way out for dedicated believers desperately wanting a logical explanation for what is truly a real contradiction?

The reality of scribal errors

Anvil Rings: Answers To Alleged Bible Discrepancies (Volume I)First, let me state that I will not give a complete explanation here of scribal errors. That’s not a cop out; that’s a choice I made in order to keep blog posts to a reasonable size. I will though, direct you to an excellent reference by Eric Lyons of Apologetics Press. Eric has a 2-volume compendium of alleged Bible discrepancies titled “Anvil Rings: Answers to Alleged Bible Discrepancies“. This 2-volume set is a great addition to the library of those who believe the Bible to be 100% inspired and 100% without error, yet who may have difficulty resolving the meaning of certain passages that appear to be contradictory. (Scribal, or “copyists”, errors are among the topics Eric deals with in Volume 1.)

In Eric’s books, as well as in his articles, he does a masterful job of not only acknowledging the difficulty of certain passages, but also of explaining how things such as scribal errors occurred, given all the safeguards that were in place to prevent such errors.

A double standard?

Consider this (from Lyons, Vol 1, pg. 142):

  • Over 5,300 New Testament manuscripts are extant today, with the most complete dated at roughly A.D. 350, the earliest dating roughly A.D. 120, and writers quoting New Testament documents as early as A.D. 90.
  • There are only 643 copies of Homer’s Iliad manuscripts, undeniably the most famous book of ancient Greece.
  • No one doubts the authenticity of Julius Caesars Gallic Wars, but we have only 10 copies of it, the latest copy dating 1,000 years after the original was written.

So why does the world accept secular documents with very little assurance of no scribal error, but it makes excuses why the multiplicity of earlier documents is unreliable? Certainly the sheer number of manuscripts alone doesn’t prove anything, does it? No, but the fact that the 5,300 New Testament manuscripts are in remarkable (though not 100%) agreement with each other is certainly a point in the Bible’s favor.

Faith

Let’s be honest — if everything we believe could be proven by the scientific method, it wouldn’t be called “faith”. The inerrancy of the Bible though, is something that not only should we accept on faith, but we can accept on faith that has adequate evidence in early manuscripts.

Remember, faith is the substance of things hoped for and the evidence of things not seen (Hebrews 11:1).

What do you think?

Are “scribal errors” things that believers invent in order to explain away a flimsy substance-weak faith? Or are they a a reality of an early, pre-press culture that did the best it humanly could?

Response to the Gospel

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There you are, near the end of the worship service, when the congregation stands to sing the invitation song. Someone walks down the aisle to respond to the Gospel. What’s your response?

I know we all respond differently, and no doubt we may even respond differently in this situation compared to how we responded the last time. On at least two occasions, I’ve been so affected that I couldn’t sing. I mean my voice just didn’t work! What was it that caused me to respond so emotionally when I wasn’t even the one walking down the aisle?

In both cases that I recall, it was a combination of factors. One, I knew the person well enough to know why she was responding. Two, I could see the power of God working in the lives of both of these individuals so undeniably that I could respond no other way.

In a way, I hesitated to write this post because I know a lot of people have difficulty seeing any response of ours to God as being anything but emotional. I don’t mean to imply that if you don’t feel something inside when you see God working, that there’s something wrong with you. But think about it. When you see the work of God, how should a Christian react? Should we act with an attitude of complacency, and that it’s “just God’s job” to work wonders through people? Or should we react in an attitude of praise, being thankful that God still moves the hearts of sinners? (Those are rhetorical questions, by the way.)

We know the word of God is living and active, and is sharper than any double-edged sword (Hebrews 4:12). We also know God’s word will not return to Him without effect (Isaiah 55:11).

Are you able to see Him working in others? Just as importantly, can others see Him working in you? (Matthew 5:16)