In Leviticus 23:15-21, God gave instructions to Israel regarding the Day of Pentecost. This day was fixed by counting 50 days from the Passover. The Passover was on a Saturday. Thus, Pentecost was on a Sunday.
Pentecost had several names. One of the other names was the Feast of Weeks. It was also known as the Feast of the Harvest. It was partly to celebrate the blessings of the end of the barley harvest and the beginning of the wheat harvest.
The Israelites were to consider Pentecost a ‘holy convocation’ (verse 21). In other words, they were to be serious in the things they performed on this day. They were to do no servile work on that day (verse 21). They were to sacrifice two lambs, a goat, two rams, and a bullock on that day. They also were to present God with baked bread. In Numbers 28:30, we read that the goat was sacrificed to make an atonement for the people. This goat was to be without blemish.
In Deuteronomy 16:9-12, God gives more instruction regarding Pentecost. In verse ten, God tells them to give him a free will offering on that day. They are to give ‘according as the Lord thy God hath blessed thee.’ They were to rejoice on this day, (verse 11). So, they were to be serious, considering it a holy day — but they were to rejoice. This would indicate that one can be happy, one can be appreciative, one can worship God, without being silly. One does not have to jump up and down, nor dance, nor scream, nor babble uncontrollably. Things are done with a purpose and orderly.
In Deuteronomy 16:11, the people were told to attend Pentecost ‘in the place which the Lord thy God hath chosen to place his name there.’ Thus, the people were not allowed to celebrate Pentecost just anywhere. They could not stay home and properly celebrate Pentecost. In verse twelve, they are told that part of the reason for this holy day celebration was to remind them that they were at one time slaves in Egypt. Now, they were a free people blessed with wonderful crops by God.
In Acts 2, we read about the establishment of the church. It is easy to see some of the parallels between the significance of Pentecost to the Israelites and its significance to Christians. We assemble on the first day of the week. We assemble in the place where God has put his name. Christ dwells in the church. The church has his name. This not a physical building, but is anywhere that Christians come together on the first day of the week.
The church does not have to sacrifice animals today because Christ gave his life as our sacrifice. But we remember his sacrifice every Sunday when we partake of the Lord’s Supper. Each person in the church gives a free will offering to God on Sunday. We consider the day a holy day given to us by God. Christians celebrate the day because it reminds us that at one time we were slaves in the world of sin (Egypt), but now we are free from sin in Christ. And as free, we can be happy in all the wonderful blessings that come from God.
I am glad that God had a plan of salvation. I am glad that he gave us the Bible so that we can read about his plan throughout history. He gave the Israelites shadow pictures of what was to come. Today we have the real things that he was talking about in the Old Testament. Study your Bible. Learn all you can about it. And then obey what God wants you to do.
By Mark McWhorter. Reprinted with permission of theBible.net. Copyright 2008.